IL-1alpha (human) (rec.) (His)

Product description: Protein. Human IL-1alpha (aa 113-271) is fused at the C-terminus to a His-tag. Source: E. coli. Endotoxin content: <0.1EU/µg protein (LAL test; Lonza). Lyophilized from a concentrated sterile solution containing 50mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) and 100mM NaCl. Purity: >98% (SDS-PAGE). The most prominent members of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) superfamily are IL-1alpha and IL-1beta. They lack a signal peptide and are secreted by an unconventional, endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi-independent mechanism. IL-1alpha was reported to be more widely and constitutively expressed and has intracellular functions, but also acts locally in a membrane-bound form by activating IL-1R1. Additionally, passive release of IL-1alpha upon cell death can trigger a sterile inflammatory response to dying cells. The cleavage of IL-1alpha is not mediated by caspase-1 and is not required for binding to IL-1R1. Recently it has been observed that all activators of the inflammasome NLRP3/NALP3 induce the simultaneous secretion of IL-1alpha and IL-1beta. Although most activators fully rely on the inflammasome for IL-1alpha secretion, some induce the processing and secretion of IL-1alpha in an inflammasome-independent manner.

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